ABSTRACT
Objective: Determination of oxidative and thermal stability of Labeo rohita skin oil. Methods: Labeo rohita skin oil was extracted by soxhlet method using n-hexane as solvent. Acid value, Free Fatty Acid content, the Peroxide value of the oil was determined and the same was also determined after heating the oil at 90 °c for 1 hour to check whether the oil is thermally stable or not. Antioxidant activity was determined via Total Phenolic content (TPC), 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Oxidative stability was determined by heating the oil at a constant temperature of 90 °c for 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, and 4 hour. The oil was also heated at 60 °c, 120 °c, and 18 °c for a constant time of 2 h. Results: Heating increases the scavenging activity of Labeo rohita skin oil as measured by the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. Total phenolic content (TPC) value and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay value is decreased both with an increase in heating time (**p<0.05) and heating temperature (p<0.01). Acid value and FFA (Free Fatty Acid) content and Peroxide value is increased with an increase in temperature (**p<0.01) Conclusion: The Present study explores that Labeo rohita skin oil both thermally and oxidatively stable The results indicate that the oil can be used in food formulation as well as a new cooking oil substitute.
ABSTRACT
Salmonella pathogenesis is a complex phenomenon and a Type III secretion system plays a central role in the development of Salmonella-induced enteritis. One such Type III secretion protein is Salmonella outer protein E (SopE). Prevalence of sopE gene and its phenotypic expression (SopE protein) among different serovars of Salmonella enterica isolated from man and animals were investigated. Of 305 strains of S. enterica belonging to 11 serovars tested for the presence of sopE, 130 strains belonging to three serovars viz., Enteritidis, Gallinarum and Virchow were found to carry sopE gene irrespective of their source of isolation when tested by PCR amplification technique using its specific primers. Of these 130 strains, 112 strains were found to express SopE protein phenotypically as detected by Dot-ELISA using SopE antibody. Among the different serovars tested only serovars Gallinarum, Enteritidis and Virchow expressed SopE protein phenotypically in vitro. Role of SopE protein in pathogenesis of salmonellosis has been discussed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Base Sequence , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Genes, Bacterial , Humans , Phenotype , Salmonella enterica/classification , Serotyping , Virulence/geneticsABSTRACT
A total of 424 blood samples were collected from two distinct populations. Local agricultural group and migratory industrial workers of West Bengal were compared with respect to haemoglobin, ABO and Rh systems. There was absence of any significant genetic difference in case of haemoglobin system.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics , Adult , Developing Countries , Gene Frequency/genetics , Genetics, Population , Hemoglobin A/genetics , Hemoglobin A2/genetics , Hemoglobin E/genetics , Hemoglobins, Abnormal/genetics , Humans , India , Middle Aged , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/genetics , Rural Population , Transients and MigrantsABSTRACT
A survey of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier state of paid and voluntary blood donors in and around the city of Calcutta has been carried out. HBV carrier state is higher in paid donors (5.84%) than voluntary donors (1.79%). The nutritional status of paid donors as assessed by serum protein, immunoglobulin and cholesterol shows evidence of malnutrition and chronic infection. The socio-economic status of the prospective blood donors has an important bearing on the persistence of carrier state for HBV.